Between dirigism and laissez-faire: Effects of implementing the science policy priority for biotechnology in the Netherlands

A Program Committee Biotechnology was established in the Netherlands for the period 1981¿1985, to stimulate biotechnological research and its contribution to innovation. Effects of its activities on researchers and on the research system have been measured in terms of recognition of and commitment to the priorities and approaches of the Program Committee. Results from the questionnaire survey and the interviews are presented, and are used to assess the implementation strategy of the committee and the dynamics of orientation of researchers to new priorities. A consciously orchestrating strategy, with some accommodation to the interests of the field, appears to be productive. This may be a generally useful middle course between dirigism and laissez-faire, because it exploits the leverage that resides in the strategies of scientists to mobilize resources for their work

Linking Employee Stakeholders to Environmental Performance: The Role of Proactive Environmental Strategies and Shared Vision

Drawing on the natural-resource-based view (NRBV), we propose that employee stakeholder integration is linked to environmental performance through firms’ proactive environmental strategies, and that this link is contingent on shared vision. We tested our model with a cross-country and multi-industry sample. In support of our theory, results revealed that firms’ proactive environmental strategies translated employee stakeholder integration into environmental performance. This relationship was pronounced for high levels of shared vision. Our findings demonstrate that shared vision represents a key condition for advancing the corporate greening agenda through proactive environmental strategies. We discuss implications for the CSR and the environmental management literatures, with a particular focus on the NRBV and stakeholder integration debates

Towards Bibliometric Objects: A Relational View to ISI's Science Citation Index

Winterhager M. Towards Bibliometric Objects: A Relational View to ISI's Science Citation Index. In: van Raan AFJ, de Bruin RE, Moed HF, Nederhof AJ, Tijssen RWJ, eds. Science and Technology in a Policy Context. Leiden: DSWO Press; 1992: 21-34